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Shetland Sweaters & The Genuine Article

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'Tis the season of resolutions, and a good one would, of course, be to wear more Shetland wool sweaters. Although I've got a feeling that most of the folks kind enough to read this blog already wear a lot of Shetland sweaters. Still, the coldest months of winter are yet ahead and staying warm has never sounded better. Tweed jackets along with flannel and corduroy trousers are to the fore of the closet, and all manner of foul weather gear and heavy shoddings are probably close at hand in the front hall. It is not surprising that during these coldest of months, Shetland wool sweaters get worn a lot. 

The Shetland wool sweater is a much loved garment with a long history. Brooks Brothers introduced Shetland wool sweaters to America in 1904. As the image above illustrates, Brooks Brothers offered Shetland sweaters in both men's and women's versions. The Shetland sweater can be easily dressed up or down, and therein lies part of its appeal. Worn with cords or flannels and loafers, it might be worn out to dinner or even to work in today's casual surroundings. Dressed down, it can be worn around the house, raking leaves or out and about running errands. I suspect that much of the appeal of this sweater lies in its warmth and adaptability. Like a tweed jacket, it takes the chill off, and is supremely comfortable. The elbows will bag, the cuffs and hem will eventually begin to fray, and the sweater will pill a bit, but this will only work to elevate its appeal. 

Over the past century, the Shetland sweater has been loved by both men and women. The images below offer a glance across the decades at the humble, yet ever present, Shetland wool sweater.

1939, Nantucket. It might be warm on the mainland, but here a Shetland cardigan offers warmth and adaptability. My wife, and I suspect that she is not alone, has been known to complain that such sweaters have become harder for women to find today.

1959, Brown University. Androgyny is a hallmark of the Shetland sweater. Is looks equally good on either sex. There have to be very few garments that one can say that about. Though in prep terms, there seem to be a terribly large amount of them: oxford cloth shirts, khakis, bean boots, engineer boots, Sperrys, down vests, duffle coats, turtlenecks, hunting coats, corduroy trousers, and the list goes on.

1979, East Coast Prep. Shetland sweaters were a key component of that scruffy prep style. Once graduated from college and out in the world, guys will often continue to dress like this on the weekends, even if they always can't during the week.

1979, East Coast Prep. Surging about the campus in the basic uniform, which will remained relatively unchanged for years to come. In cold weather, the khakis will be replaced with tan cords. Some hearty fellows will continue to surge about sockless, though I'm at an age when that is no longer a sound idea if I wish to remain in stout health during the winter.

1981, UNC Kenan Memorial Stadium. In a sea of casual collegiate blue jeans, the Shetland man stands out. He is an outdoors man, indeed, a Sportsman. Hunter orange or salmon, either way, it's an excellent color for a Shetland sweater.

1981, UNC. Outside of Kenan Memorial Stadium. Shetland sweaters also came in striped versions, some of them regimental, and of course that über-preppy version, the patchwork Shetland.

1981, UNC. This trio of lovely women show the classic Shetland sweater options for women: crew neck, cardigan and Fair Isle. Come to think of it, everything else is pretty well done, from loafers and clogs, to tartan and corduroy skirts.

1980, Cambridge, England. Simply lovely. Nothing else to say.

The advertisement reads "Only Brooks Brothers has real Shetland." Herein lies the problem: It is not as easy to find a genuine Shetland wool sweater today as it was in the past. The obvious question is: Are all "Shetland" wool sweaters the same today? Of course, the answer is, "No." To qualify as the genuine article, a Shetland wool sweater must be made in Scotland. The point might be stretched to include sweaters knit in Ireland, but I suspect that these couldn't be called "Shetland," unless they were made with Shetland yarns. The problem is that "Shetland" sweaters are so popular that the name has come to signify a style of sweater rather than a name that indicates its provenance. It seems like it was not very long ago when genuine Shetland wool sweaters were plentiful and inexpensive. However, today that is not the case. Genuine Shetland wool sweaters are relatively costly and somewhat hard to find.

The images that follow show a number of well known clothiers' offerings of Shetland wool sweaters over several decades.
Brooks Brothers, Christmas 1971. Over half of the sweaters offered on this page came from Scotland. The sheer number of colors offered for crew neck sweaters was staggering. Every guy needs a good shawl collar cardigan, too. Mine came from Inverness many years ago. It is still bullet-proof and still fits, too.

Brooks Brothers, Christmas 1979. Saddle shoulders were, and still are, a hallmark of a well made Shetland wool sweater.


Brooks Brothers, Christmas 1979. Made in Scotland. The color choices are very strong: Burnt red, yellow, heather green, Tartan green, chestnut brown, natural, old gold, navy, smoke blue, blue mix, rust and charcoal grey.


Brooks Brothers, Christmas 1980. Again, great color choices:  Scarlet, medium grey, Kelly green, yellow, natural, Tartan green, chestnut brown, navy and blue mix. Those patch tartan trousers are amazing.


Brooks Brothers, Christmas 1982. "The essential Shetland wool sweater" in colors of: Harvard red, blue mix, yellow, charcoal grey, brown, navy or Kelly green. Hard to have gone wrong here.


Brooks Brothers, Holiday 1991. This catalog was from the Marks & Spencer era, and there was no shortage of Scottish made Shetland. With eleven choices of colors, Brooks was the place to stop for Shetland sweaters: Tartan green, cavalcade, Black Watch, grey mix, navy, burgundy, camel, charcoal, red mix, loden, brown mix.


Chipp, 1952. "Chipp's Shetland Sweaters, made in Scotland" (The New Yorker, 12/6/1952). Postwar production was returning and Scottish sweaters were back in the rotation, as if they had never left.


Chipp, Fall & Winter 1965. "A comprehensive selection from the finest knitters in Scotland and Ireland, all British imports." This was an era when "imported" meant not only quality, but a tradition and culture of manufacture.


J. Press, Fall & Winter 1977. J. Press knew how to offer Shetland sweaters. There were four choices of solids, cable knit, patchwork, and stripes. I assume that "knitted in the "Crown Colony" meant Hong Kong, as in 1977 it was still a Crown Colony. Many British knitwear manufacturers had manufacturing in Hong Kong. I remember getting a couple such sweaters at the Aberdeen Market many years ago when I was a college student.


J. Press, Fall & Winter 1978. In 1978, J. Press offered a saddle shouldered Shetland cardigan with pockets. Try finding one today.


J. Press, Fall & Winter 1996. J. Press had their sweaters made in Ireland in this period. It has become very hard to find cable knit crew neck sweaters like these today.


L.L. Bean, Christmas 1985. Like J. Press above, L.L. Bean had their Shetland sweaters made in Hong Kong of Shetland yarns.

L.L. Bean, Fall 1989. Like J. Press a few years later, L.L. Bean had these sweaters made in Ireland of Donegal yarn, though they still called them "Shetland" sweaters.


Until very recently, O'Connell's offered genuine Shetland sweaters made by McGeorge of Scotland. Sadly, these no longer seem to be available.

Which brings us to today. Where can one find genuine Shetland wool sweaters today? J. Press, O'Connell's and Bahle's of Suttons Bay all offer the genuine article. Though I do not have any, The Andover Shop also offers both plain knit and cable knit Shetland wool sweaters, as well.
The Shaggy Dog from J. Press.


These are great sweaters. They are heavier and warmer than others, so may be a bit too warm in an overheated room. Do what my Dad did and said when we were kids, "Turn the thermostat down and 'Wear a sweater'."


O'Connell's Shetland wool sweaters. These sweaters come in even chest sizes and run pretty true to size. O'Connell's recommend ordering up a size. These are "just fit" for me, and can therefore be worn underneath a tweed jacket when I'm outside. Perfect.


O'Connell's also has perhaps the largest selection of colors available anywhere. They also offer that rarest version: the Shetland sweater for women. These are the genuine article, made in Hawick Scotland, and come in crew neck and cardigan styles, as well as in solid colors and Fair Isle yoked patterns.


This photo gives some idea of the different in thickness and loft between the J. Press Shaggy Dog sweaters (left) and O'Connell's Shetland sweaters (right).


Harley of Scotland is another sound choice for a genuine Shetland wool sweater. Many places offer them, but Bahle's of Suttons Bay is a great store with very friendly service.


Harley's of Scotland sweaters are saddle shouldered and very soft. They are also warm and very comfortable.


In an era of global markets and manufacturing that can blur what is truly genuine and what is not, finding genuine articles that are both well made and representative of various national traditions, such as the Shetland sweaters above, is no easy task. "The genuine article" will probably cost a bit more, but wearing or using such an article is a bit like owning a small piece of cultural history. I get the feeling that today, many people just want as much as possible, as cheaply as possible. There is nothing wrong with being economical and conservative in one's approach to daily life. It is a good and commendable habit. However, things that have been handmade in a place where there is a historical tradition of manufacture also represent value. This kind of value is harder to see, but it is representative of traditions that are older than either you or I, and that will hopefully outlive each of us. Far too often today, we forsake this kind of cultural legacy for the inexpensive and poorly made, which carries no inherent and vital link to the past. What is at issue is deeper than merely acquiring more stuff. One resolution worth considering this year is to value those things, traditions and institutions which carry a link to this kind of past. For it is through these tangible links to a shared past where we also experience more deeply our humanity and its connection to histories and cultures that are deeper than the many competing and quickly changing voices of our contemporary world. Resolve to believe in humanity and the power of genuine traditions to enliven and deepen daily life in an often cynical world. Resolve to believe. There's a resolution worth striving for.

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